![]() ![]() The method had long antecedents in Vienna: Against the payment of considerable sums a few wealthy Jews and their families and household were granted residence privileges for a limited time. Coercive measures are to be taken against all other Jews who have not yet submitted payment offers.” This was the outcome of the finance conference by Emperor Charles VI on August 23, 1717. He had been introduced to cycling by Arthur Schnitzler, whose novel "The Road into the Open" describes not only the cycling boom in Vienna but also the unbearable anti-Semitism of the turn of the century.Īfter multiple consultations, the following payments have been agreed with the Jews: 177,000 fl. The exhibition shows Herzl’s bicycle, modern for the time, which he used during his summer vacations in Altaussee. Zionism was his answer to the oppressive anti-Semitism of the turn of the century in Vienna and Europe. His world-famous visionary book "The Jewish State" had appeared a few months earlier. His optimism gives no indication that at the same time he was also questioning the idea of Vienna as a place to call home. In a feature article he enthused about cycling in Vienna, which for him was a symbol of progress and freedom. In 1896 he formulated two visions, which could not have been more dissimilar. ![]() Theodor Herzl is a good illustration of the contradictions of the time. This idealistic regard conceals the fact that anti-Semitism was also rampant and was in no way “imported” in 1938. Herzl, Freud, Mahler, Schnitzler, and many more influenced Viennese life at the turn of the century. The third community, which was brutally destroyed in 1938, is still regarded today as the epitome of Jewish Vienna. The long history leading up to this third community, the burgeoning optimism after 1848, and the brutal destruction after 1938 are the topics dealt with in this second part of the permanent exhibition. Jews lived during this time above all in the city center, Leopoldstadt, and Alsergrund, but there were already synagogues in many other districts. It produced a number of figures who shaped Vienna around 1900. Before 1900, this third community was the third-largest in Europe. Before 1945 the Viennese Jews had to fight three times for permission to found a community: in the Middle Ages when Jewish life centered around present-day Judenplatz, in the seventeenth century in the ghetto in Unterer Werd, and in the years following the revolution of 1848. The community was dissolved and its members expelled on three occasions, ending with the Shoah. During half of this time Jews were allowed to live in Vienna only in very limited numbers, if at all. The first written record of a Jew in Vienna in 1190 is of Shlom, the mint master of the Babenberg duke Leopold V. ![]()
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